Apparatus for contracting the margin of sheet material



May 23, 1950 J. s. KAMBORIAN 2,509,149

APPARATUS FOR CONTRACTING THE MARGIN oF SHEET MATERIAL 4 Sheets-Sheet l Filed March 2'?, 1948 Mana?" Jq M0 @y May 23, 1950 J. s. KAMBoRlAN APPARATUS FOR CONTRACTING THE l MARGIN 0F SHEET MATERIAL 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 27, 1948 Eiw- May 23, 1950 J. s. KAMBORIAN 2,509,149

APPARATUS RoR CONTRACTING THE MARGIN 0F SHEET MATERIAL Filed March 27, 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 *l Nil R May 23, 1950 J. s. KAMBoRlAN 2,509,149

APPARATUS F OR CONTRACTING THE MARGIN' 0F SHEET MATERIAL Filed March 27, 1948 4 sheets-sheet 4 Patented May 23,195() UNITED APPARATUS FOR CONTRACTING THE MARGIN F SHEET MATERIAL Jacob S. Kamborian, West Newton, Mass.

Application March 27, 1948, Serial No. 17,506 Y 20 Claims.

This shrinking or contracting a marginal portion of a piece of normally substantially flat sheet material thereby to impart a concavo-oonvex effect to the material at and Iadjacent to said marginal portion.' While of broader utility, the illustrative embodiment herein chosen for specific description is primarily intended to impart a pre-lasted shape to a shoe upper, particularly to an end portion of the shoe upper, for example to the toe end of the vamp, thereby to facilitate the attachment, as by stitching, of the upper to a bottom member, for instance a sock lining, inner sole or the like. In particular the present inventionpertains to improved apparatus for practicing a method such as disclosed in the patent to Kamborian, No. 2,378,639, dated November 19, 1945, Iand to improvements in mechanism of the type also disclosed in said patent. Objects of the present invention are to provide a machine of the class described which is equally useful and effective for shrinking materials of widely diierent characteristics and thicknesses, for instance kid, calf, crushed goat, capeskin, and elk leathers; paper; stiened textile fabric; sheeted thermoplastic resin; or paper or cloth impregnated with resin or coated with metal-foil, rrother materials. A further object is to provide a, machine operative to shrink the marginal portion of sheet material with concomitant inf crease in the density of the marginal portion but preferably without appreciable crinkling or corrugation of the material. A further object is to provide a machine vof the class described which is rugged and durable, which is easy to use and i rapid in operation and having adequate provision for the lubrication of its moving parts. A further object is to provide apparatus of the class described having provision for adjusting its operative elements so as to adapt it for use in shaping materials of widely different thickness and other characteristics. A further object is to provide apparatus of the class described having pro- .vision for heating the material at the point at `which it is being worked and operative .to supply dierent degrees of heat and to apprise the operator of the degree o1 heat being used. A further object is to provide apparatus of the class described wherein the retarding force is applied by means of a normally stationary element. Other and further objects and advantages of the invention will be pointed out in the following more detailed description and by reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:

invention pertains to apparatus for Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the machine with the front cover removed;

Fig. 2 is an elevation of the right-hand side of the machine with the side door removed, the front cover in place, and with certain parts in vertical section to show the interior construction;

Fig-3 is a plan view of the machine with the top cover removed; 1 Fig. 4. is a fragmentary vertical section substantially on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary vertical section, to larger scale in the vertical plane on the line '5 5 of Fig. 3, but with many of the parts omitted;r Fig. 6 is a fragmentary front View of the machine, to larger scale than Fig 1, and showing de"- tails of the anvil-supporting plate;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary front elevation, partl in vertical section, showing the anvil-supporting plate, the presser foot support, and the adjustable means for moving the anvil and presser foot;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary front elevation illustrating the cooperative action of the presser foot, anvil and work-advancing wheel upon the work;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary vertical section substantially on the line 9--9 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a diagram of the electrical connections; 1 Fig. 11 is a diagrammatic plan view of a shoe vamp as it appears before being acted upon by the machine; and

Fig. 12 is a -diagrammatic perspective View showing a vamp after it has been acted on by the machine.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral l indicates the frame or housing of the machine, conveniently a casting, although it is contemplated that it may be made of sheet metal or built up of pressed metal sections. As illustrated, the housing has base flanges 2 so designed to receive bolts for securing it to a bench or other support. The housing comprises the rear wall 3, the front wall 4, the left-hand end wall 5 and the bottom wall B, and also includes an internal Vweb I1 which separates a rear chamber `8 for the reception of change speed drive means from a forward gear chamber 9. This web l, ora continuation thereof, extends down (Fig. 2) below the bottom wall 5 so that the forward chamber 9 is deeper than the rear chamber and if desired, the chamber 9 isY designed to hold lubricating oil fory the gears housed therein and the part l0 of the web l may be provided with a drain opening Il threaded for the reception of the'end of an oil drain pipe (not shown).

,Y The right-.hand side of the housing is nor-,

mally closed by a door I2 (Fig. 1) pivotally secured at its lower end at I3 to links I4 -which are pivoted at their inner ends to the housing. The door is provided with a handle or knob I by means of which it may be manipulated. The top of the housing is normally closed by a. removable cover I6.

The left-hand side wall 5 of the housing is provided (Fig. 4) with an opening leading into the lower part of the rear Vchamber 8. A flange I'I concentric with this opening is bolted to the wall 5, the flange being integral with an elongate hous'- ing f8 in which is journalled a drive sha-ft I9 having a pulley xed to its inner end. This shaft extends outwardly through the wall 5 of the housing and is provided at its outer Vvend with a coupling member 2l by means of which it may be connected to a drive motor (not shown). The housing I8 contains anti-friction bearings ifor'the shaft I9.

Secured fto the inner side of .the rear "wall '3 of the housing is a bracket 22 (Figs. 2-and 4f) which supports a stub shaft 23 on which is fpivotedthe lower end of an upright bracket 24 lhaving a bearing 25 at its upper end in which is journaled a shaft 26. This shaft is provided with a pulley :2l :at its left-hand end. A drive belt 28 :embraces the pulleys 29 and 2`I so that power is thereby .transmitted from the shaft I9 to the shaft 26. A cone pulley 29 is fixed to the right-hand Vend of the shaft 26. Preferably this cone pulley is of fthe multiple-groove type designed 'for the reception of a V-belt.

The right-hand end wall of the chamber 9 is provided with an opening which receives an elon gate housing 30 (Fig. 3) integral with a `ilange 3| which is bolted to lthe outer side of the Awall of the chamber 9. A shaft 3| is journaled `in the housing 30, within which appropriate anti-friction ybearings are arranged. One end of sha-it 3J is in the chamber 9 and has a driving worm 32 fixed to it. At its right-handend, outside -of the chamber 9, the shaft 3| `has xed thereto a cone pulley 33 similar to the pulley 29, but reversed in position. An endless belt 34 embraces the pulleys 29].and 33 and transmits Vpower from the pulley 29 to the pulley 33. By shifting this belt from one pair of grooves to another von the pulleys 29 and 33, the speed of the shaft 3 I may be varied.

The 'bracket 24, which supports the bearing 25, is provided with a bearing opening intermediate .itsA ends which receives a rotatable pin 35 (-Fig. 2) provided with a screw threaded opening which receives a screw threaded shaft 35 passing out through an opening in the rear Walla of the housing and havingr at its rear end a handle 31. By turning the handle '31 the bracket 24 may be .swung about the pin 23, thus moving the bearing 25 and varying the tension of the belt 34.

'I'he driving worm 32 engages a worm Wheel 38 (Figs. 2, 3 and 5) which is fixed to a shaft 39 journaled in a bearing sleeve 49 (Fig. 5) fitting within a bore in a boss 4I integral with the front Wall -4 of the housing. The bushing 4D .has an enlargement at its forward end and is held in place by a collar 42. The bushing is preferably provided with anti-friction bearings or sleeves 43 in which the shaft 39 is journalled.

The shaft 39 has a head 44 at its forward end provided with .an axial bore 45 which receives the rear end of an arbor 46 which is held rigidly in place in the bore 45 by a set screw 47. This arbor l5 has ahead 48 at its forward end which forms an abutment for the forward face .of the toothed Work-advancing Wheel 49, the wheel being held fixed to the arbor 46 vby a nut 50. The wheel has teeth 5I on its peripheral edge. Desirably, the work-advancing wheel 49 is of the order of inch thick for use in pre-shaping shoe uppers, and the teeth are preferably generally similar to saw teeth, having a rake in the direction of rotation, their upper surfaces making an angle of substantially 45 with a radius through the root of the tooth. Preferably these teeth are ground ofi at an angle such that their cutting edges are inclined at an angle of 20 to the face of the wheel. However, these teeth do not have a set like that of an ordinary saw. While a desirable angular arrangement of these teeth has been suggested, it is to be understood that the tooth angles may be varied within substantial limits without departing from the invention or substantially reducing the .efficiency of the apparatus.

A substantially horizontal work-supporting table 52 is secured to the housing at the front of the machine, this table here bein-g shown as a hollow casting having a downwardly inclined front wall 53 defining a chamber I54 xbeneath the table. This chamber is closed at the lbottom `by a plate -55 which maybe of sheet metal -or `the like. The sloping front Wall 53 of the `table is provided with apertures for the reception of transparent prismatie buttons 55-and51 (Fig. 3) and for the reception of the .forward par-t of a switch 59 (Fig. 2) housed in the chamber 54, -having an actuating handle 58 exposed at the front side of the wall 53. The bottom plate 55 is provided with an aperture `for the passage 1of a -conductor T (Fig. l) designed to Supply heating current to the anvil as hereinafter described. The rear portion of the table 52 lis cutaway `at 6I (Fig. 2) to provide space for the reception `of. lthe anvil and other parts hereafter described.

An anvil-supporting plate or carrier 'GI (Figs. 1, 6 and '7) is arranged against the front-wall 4 of the machine housing, this plate bein-g of substantial thickness and'rigid and having a Tbearing opening 52 at its lower left-hand portion which receives a pivot member 93 (Fig. '7) by means of which the plate is secured to the front wall of 'the housing and is permitted to swing in a vertical plane. The plate has .a large Aaperture Ela (Fig. 5) for the accommodation of the 'enlargement 'at the forward end of the bearing sleeve 40 and carries an `avilesupporting bracket '84 (Fig. v6) secured to its front face immediately below 'this 'opening 51a. This bracket "64 is provided with a horizontal flange on which a block 'B' ofheatinsulating material is mounted. 'The anvil 86 rests upon the iblock B and is bol-ted to the -bracket 64. The anvil is recessed at its upper forward edge to provide the rhorizontal work-supporting surface 5lV (Fig. 9) and the vertical edge gauge surface '98. The work-supporting surface '6l is preferably approximately `lusl-i with the upper surface of table 52. As here illustrated, the 'anvil is provided with chambers (Fig. 5) :for the reception of :heating units hereafter described.

A rigid, upstanding bracket arm "Illv (Fig. "7) is secured to the plate 8l near Vthe upper lefthand corner of the latter, this bracket having an arcuate surface 'II which is engaged by a spherically curved knob 12 at one end of a sleeve 'I3 which slides in the 'casing 74. This casing may be a casting, suitably machined to provide the bore in which slides the sleeve 13, .and is rigidly secured by bolts or othei` fasteningzin'earls to the front 4face of fthefront wall 4 of the machine housing. An elongate sleeve member 4I5 alsoarranged to slide in the bore in the-casing 14, this sleeve I5 having a head 15a at its righthand end provided with a, screw-threaded bore head a of the sleeve 15. The screw-threaded adjusting shaft 11 extends out through a closure plate 18 at the end of the casing 14 and is provided with a fixed collar 19 preferably having a series of peripheral sockets for the reception of a spanner wrench.

An adjustable stop member 80, having screwthreaded engagement with a bracket 8| fixed to the front of the wall 4 of the housing, limits the turning of the plate 6| in a counterclock- Wise direction. The plate is urged in a counterclockwise direction by the spring 16. The angular position of plate 6| determines the effective height of the work-receiving surface 61 of the anvil. By turning the screw 11, the plate 6| may be swung about the pivot pin 63, thus varying the position of the anvil with reference to the axis of the crimping wheel 49.

The anvil-supporting plate 6| is provided with a screw threaded bore 82 (Fig. 6) which receives the rear end of a pivot screw 83 (Fig. '1) upon which is pivotally supported the presser foot arm 84. rThis arm is provided at its left-hand end with an upstanding abutment member 85 which is engaged by a spherically curved button 86 at the left-hand end of a sleeve 81 which slides in a casing 88 which is rigidly secured to the upper part of the anvil plate 6|. This (casing has an elongate bore which also receives a sleeve vmember 89, closed at its right-hand end by a plug 89a having an axial screw threaded bore.

A heavy coiled compression spring 90 is housed within the sleeve 81 with its right-hand end bearing against the end plug 89a of the sleeve 89 and with its left-hand end normally spaced from sleeve 81. A second coiled spring 90a, lighter and of smaller diameter than spring 90 is arranged within the latter with one end bearing against ythe plug 89a and with its other end bearing against the sleeve 81.

An actuating screw 9| has screw threaded engagement with the bore in the plug 89a andr extends out through an axial bore in the end wall of the casing 58 and is provided with a knurled head 92 whereby the screw may be turned. By turning the screw, the tension of the spring Sila may be adjusted, and the presser foot support 84 may be swung about the axis of the pivot screw 83. The casing 88 is preferably provided with an elongate slot 93 (Fig. 1), the lower margin of which may be provided with graduations, and the sleeve 99 is provided with an index mark 91 on its forward face rwhich cooperates with the graduations to indicate the position of adjustment of the presser foot support 84.

A stop screw 95 has threaded engagement with a. vertical bore 96 near the right-hand end of thev member 84 and its upper end engages the lower edge of the casing 38. A second stop screw 91 engages the lower part of the bore 96 and its head may contact a stop bracket 98 xed to the lower part of the anvil plate 6|. ment of the screws 95 and 91 the amount of pivotal movement of the presser foot support 84 may be determined. The member 84 is provided with a pin 99 (Fig. 1) at its lower right-hand part and to this pin isl connected the upper end of a chain |00 which extends down to an actuating treadle (not shown). By actuation of the treadle the lower end of the member 84 may be swung dpwnwardly, thus raising its left-handY end rela.-

By adjust-- wardly-directed leg of this presser foot is rearwardly deected so that its lower edge is closely adjacent to the front face of wheel 49. The presser foot has teeth |05 in its lower edge. The

presser `foot is desirably of the order of le of an inch thick for use on shoe uppers, preferably of hard chromium steel, and the teeth preferably are sloped so that the angle between adjacent teeth is approximately Preferably the points -of the teeth are substantially parallel to the work-contacting surface of the anvil and are slightly blunted so that they do not have any `cutting action on the work. The right-hand tooth |05ais spaced to the left of the vertical plane of the axis of the shaft 39 which carries the crimping wheel 49. Thus the point of closest approach of the tips of the teeth 5| of the crimping wheel to the upper surface 61 of the anvil is spaced to the right (Fig. 8) from the tip of the tooth |0583 this spacing being approximately 1A; of an. inch in the machine as actually constructed.

The two heating units |01 and |08 which are housed in the anvil are in circuit respectively with lamps |09 and ||0 (Fig. 10) arranged in the chamber 54 beneath the work-supporting table, the lamps being located directly behind the transparent buttons 56 and 51 respectively. The

switch 59 is of the three-way, snap type so designed that in one position no current is supplied to the heating units or lamps; in a second position current is supplied to one lamp and the corresponding heating unit, and in the third position current is supplied to both heating units and to both lamps.

To the forward edge of the ange |0| (Fig. 1) there is secured a member |06 slotted to permit horizontal adjustment and this member carries a curved guard |06a which extends down over vthe right-hand edge portion of the crimping wheel ,49 and which prevents premature contact of the jwork with the teeth of the wheel.

Before starting work, the anvil will have been adjusted to the proper height by turning the `screw 11 thus compressing the spring 16 and vswinging the plate 6| in a counterclockwise direcyoperator whether one or both heating units is .being energized. Having performed these preliminary operations, the operator places his foot on the treadle, thus .swinging the presser-foot arm 84 in a clockwise direction, thereby lifting l.the presser foot |03 away from the anvil sufciently to allow the edge of the vamp material V -to be introduced between the presser foot and the anvil. The pressure on the treadle is now released and the anvil-carrying arm 84 is swung yin a counterclockwise direction by the action of one or both of the springs 90 and 90a. Thepressure exerted by the anvil upon the work is regulated by turning the head 92 therein. When moderate pressure is desired only the spring 90? may act upon the anvil arm but when heavy presi? :sure-nomma, meinem. s2 :may *be morfeov sufciently to cause both of the springs 90 andSU tov actnponth'e anvil arm llt-iis assumed 'that' the drive shaft I"l 9 `-is, inr `opeisatio'n, fthustu-rning the shaft AE19 which carriesfthe work-advancing Wheel 4B.- The teeth "of tl'iils wheel bite into thematerial oi the 4vamp Vland `tend to advance the materialaat the same Tfalvteafs thatof the teeth lof the wheel; However, the movement of the vamp material isobstrnctedby itl'ie tee'tl'iv 1&5 -oi the presser-doot,Y the presser- 'iootbeing iixed, andthus the material ofthe 'vamp' is Lcrowded forwardly in its own plane by the fteeth o'f the wheel and is thus made more and, inA Asome instances, to sox-ne extent, thickened.V I`f=desired, the 'material -o'f the 'vamp may `be 'rn-ulled or otherwise treated to make it more-plastic before it is subiected to the action ofthe machine;v As the anvil vis heated the vrmafterial Iof fthev vamp 4is subjected to sobstantial heat while crowded between the anvil andthe teeth lofY v'the'presser-foot Aand thus tends to take a permanent set. Since the action oi the machine is to `crowd 'together and densify the material'at the 'edge of the vamp, the result is to shorten the edge, and as the-edge takes a permanent set in this shortened condition, the result is to produce a 'convexityof the marginal portion of the vamp, as illustrated in Fig. l2, thus imparting to the toe portion of the vamp a curved contour more or less similar to that of the contour of the portion 'of a last upon which the shoe will be lasted.

In accordance with the thickness and character of the material being operated upon, the heightV ofthe anvil will be varied andalso'the pressure which the presser-foot exerts upon the 'worin Experience may indicate the proper 'adljus'tment'of these parts, but when operating upon new and untried material some experimentation -may be required to determine the proper adjustnot appreciably crinkled or caused to undulate.

The continuously rotating work-advancing wheel 49 is `preferable as a means for advancing the" work and crowding; it between the anvil and. 'the presser-foot, but it is probable that other' work-advancing means may be employed, for example a reciprocating. part or parts having work,-engaging teeth, and which would be advanced in the Work-impelling direction by suitable' means, for example, means similar to the: `soeoalled four-motion feed of a sewing machine.

Ther machine is 'very useful in pre-shaping shoe uppers, but is likewise applicable to other industries. For example, it is of value in shaping material, for instance leather, in the manufacture of handbags,in particular to shape Athe material bordering the opening of the bag; and in Vgeneral inthe manufacture of leather novelties or in upholstery, or wherever it is desirable to impart 'to the marginal portion of leather or like sheet materiala concave contour.

yWhile av desirable embodiment of the invention has been illustrated, it is to be understood that variations inthe shape and 'arrangements oi'parts and substitution of equivalents are to be regarded' as within the scope of the invention'.

I claim:

'1., Apparatus-.ofthe class described comprising a. lhousing having-,a substantially vertical. front- Wall, an anvilsupport pivotally secured to said;

am; ivan to swing a 7vertical plane, adam/111' amounted at the iront of said support, means for swinging the sopport thereby to :adjust the Danvil vertically; a fdriven v-work-adva'n'oi'n'g wheel v'tiiriiin'g' aber'it ianlaxis perpendicular vto the liront df `tl'ie hl-is'ilig*fa-iid 'with tsper-ipheral edge aidjaceritto "the `I-ripper Esur-face 'of the anvil, a'n alfjtrsirable@presser fo'ot support carried by Ithe anvil support, a presser root mounted on 'the presser foot support, the presser foot having a 'toothed work-engaging 'edge disposed above and adcent :to "the anvil,- meansl lresili'ently urging the presser xfoot support in a A'confection lvto contact 'the'ipresseroot with the anvil, adjustable stop 4nreansto'lilnit *Said movement of the presser io'o't suppotand means r'operative@to movethe presser footsupport ina'directionto separate the Ypresser ffocotffrom the anvil.v

2.' pparatus 'of A'13de class described comprising 'a housing "having `a substantially vertical 'front wall, v`an' 'anvil 'support pivotallysecured' -to said front wall to swing` in' a vertical'plahe, an V)anvil n'n'i'uritedv at the iront vof said support, a casing fixed to the iront wall 'of the housing, said cas- *lngr having an elongate' bore, a thrust element sliding said"bore-and `which :engages a -xed upstandirrg labutment member lcarried by the -anvil support, 'a springwithin the bore in said caswhich-'constantlyurges the thrust element ina dnectonsuc'h 'as to'elevate the anvil, `means 'for' varying the tension of said spring, and an a'dustatire stop tof-limit anvil "elevating move- 'metofthesupport- I3. Apparatus 6i theclass described comprising a 'housing' having "a substantially vertical iront wall', an anvil` 'support pivotally securedto said frontwail to -'swingA inA a vertical plane, 'an Vanvil mounted at'the front of said support, means for 'swingni'gfthesupportthereby to adjust the anvil vertically, ,a peripherally toothed work-advancing wheel turning alout'anaxis perpendicular to the frontwall othe housing and with its 'peripheral 4'edge adjacent to the work-contacting surface of the anvil, a presser foot lever pivotally mounted on `tlreanv'il support, the leverhaving a forwardly directediflange, apresser foot fixed tosaid iian'ge,

"said'presseriodt having a toothed lower edgerdis- 'posed close vtotlfle 'iront face of the work-advancing wheel "and closely'adjacent to the anvil, 'adinstable means temlin'gV resiliently 'to turn the presser ioot'supp'ort Ain Aa idirection -t'o contact the toothed ed'geof "the" presser foot with the anvil, and `va'c'l'rdstahle means -for limiting such movement.

'4. apparatus for use in shrinking the :narran of sheet material; said 'apparatus comprising `a positively driven toothed wheel so 'arranged that itsteeth ibiteinto the material and apply a positive advancing force to the material' close tothe edge 'ofthe latter, anda non-rotatable retarding relernentconstructed and arranged to engage the 'materia-1 'atfa -point'sp'acedforwardly, in thedirecticn o'wor-k advance, from thevpoint at which the toothed 'wheel :applies 'the maximum adwanoing aimee', fa normally iixed anvil Afor sup- `porting, -the material .zas it ,-isadvanced lbyk the wheel, `and .means .for :heating the anvil.

5. Appara'tus `for use in shrinking the margin fot sheet materialfsaidapparatus comprising a positively .driven toothed wheel so arranged that itsteethbite into -the material and apply a posi- .tive advancing force to the material close to the edge of thelatter, a non-rotatable retardi-ng .element constructed and arranged to engage the material at a point .spaced iorwardlyin the direction of work advance rom the point at which the path of the tooth tips of the wheel is tangent to the work, a normally fixed anvil for supporting the material as itis advanced by the wheel, and means forheating the anvil.

6. Apparatus of the class described comprising a .work-supporting table having a substantially horizontal surface, an anvil having a work-contacting face which is substantially flush with the horizontal surface of the table and a .substantially vertical surface for guiding the work, a peripherally toothed work-advancing wheel turning in a plane substantially parallel to said guide surface and having one face closely adjacent to said guide surface, a-'nonrotatable work-retarding element adjacent to the opposite face of the Wheel and having a work-engaging edge, the periphery of the wheel and the work-engaging edge of the retarding element being toothed and closely adjacent to the work-supporting face of the anvil at the working point, and heating means for the anvil.

7. Apparatus for use in shrinking the margin of sheet material', said apparatus comprising a positively driven toothed wheel so arranged that its teeth bite into the material and apply a positive advancing force to the material close to the edge of the latter, a normally Xed anvil for supporting the material as it is advanced by the wheel, a normally fixed retarding element constructed and arranged to engage the material at a point spaced forwardly in the direction of work advance from the point at which the path of the tooth tips of the wheel is most nearly tangent to the anvil, a lever constituting a support for the retarding element, adjustable means tending to swing the lever so as to move the retarding element toward the anvil, adjustable stop means for limiting such movement of the lever, and means forswinging the lever in the opposite direction to separate the retarding means from the anvil, thereby to facilitate introduction of the material between the anvil and retarding element.

8. Apparatus for yuse in shrinking the margin ofsheet material, said apparatus comprising a positively driven toothed wheel so arranged that its teeth bite into the material and apply a positive advancing force to the material close to the edge of the latter, a normally fixed anvil for supporting the material as it is advanced by the wheel, a normally fixed retarding element constructed and arranged to engage the material at a point spaced forwardly in the direction of Work advance from a radius of the toothed wheel which is perpendicular to the anvil, a lever-constituting a support for the retardin'g element, the retarding element consisting of a rigid member having a toothed lower edge engageable with the material, the points `vofthe teeth of said retarding member being in a plane substantially parallel to the work-contacting face ofthe anvil, resilient means urging the lever in a direction to contact the retarding element with the anvil, and stop means operative to limit such movement.

9. Apparatus of the class described comprising a driven peripherally toothed work-advancing wheel, an anvil having alwork-en'gaging surface disposed adjacent to the toothed edge of the wheel, a pivoted presser foot support, a presser foot mounted on the support, said presser foot having a toothed edge disposed adjacent to the anvil and in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the work-advancing wheel, a slidable thrust element engaging a part of said presser foot support, a spring urging said thru-St element l() in a direction to move the presser foot toward the anvil, means for adjusting the tension of the spring, and adjustable stop means operative to limit movement of the presser foot support by said spring.

10. Apparatus of the class described comprising a driven peripherally toothed work-advancing wheel, an anvil having a work-engaging surface disposed adjacent to the toothed edge of the wheel, a pivoted presser foot support, a. presser foot mounted on the support, said presser foot having an edge disposed adjacent to the anvil and in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the Work-advancing wheel, said edge having teeth which are dulled at their tips, a. slidable thrust element engaging a part of said presser foot support, a compound spring urging said thrust element in a direction to move the presser foot toward the anvil, means for .adjusting the tension of the spring, adjustable means operative to limit movement of the presser foot support in either direction, and means for moving the presser foot away from the anvil.

1l. Apparatus of the class described comprising a housing, a work-supporting anvil arranged externally of the housing, a peripherally toothed work-advancing wheel having its edge adjacent to the work-contacting surface of the anvil, the

edges of the teeth extending diagonally across the width of the wheel, a nonrotatable work re'- tarder having a toothed work-engaging edge adjacent to the work-contacting surface of the anvil, means supporting the work retarder for movement toward and from the anvil, the rst tooth of the work retarder with which the advancing work contacts being spaced in the direction of work advance from the point of maximum application of the work advancing force.

12. Apparatus of the class described comprising a housing, a work-supporting anvil arranged externally of the housing, ar peripherally toothed work-advancing wheel having its edge adjacent to the work contacting surface of the anvil, a presser foot support, a non-rotatable presser foot, means fixing the presser foot to the presser foot support, the presser foot having a series of work-engaging teeth at its edge. the points of said teeth being in a plane substantially parallel to the work-contacting surface of the anvil, the rst of said teeth to engage the work being spaced, in the direction of work advance, from the point at which the periphery of the workadvancing wheel most nearly approaches the anvil. s

13. Apparatus of the class described. comprise ing a housing, a work-'supporting anvil arranged externally of the housing, a peripherally toothed work-advancing wheel having its edge adjacent to the work-contacting surface of the anvil, said work-advancing wheel 'being of the order of 1/16 inch thick, the teeth of thewheel having a. rake in the forward direction of rotation, anormally iixed presser foot, of the order of 1/16 inch thick, disposed closely adjacent to the front face of the wheel, said presser foot being of hard wearresistant material and having a toothed edge adjacent to the work-contacting face ,of the anvil, the points of the presser foot teeth being in a plane substantially parallel to the surface of the anvil, the first presser foot tooth to be contacted by the work being spaced, in the direction of work advance, from the point of nearest approach of the wheel to the anvil, and means for moving the presser foot away from the anvil to facilitate the entry of work.

$14. Apparatusof the classdescribed --fcomprising a rigid anvilfor--supporting thelrnaterialto 'be operated on, a drivenperipherally toothed wheel 'having its vtoothed edge arranged closely adjacent to the work-supporting surface-ofthe anvil, `a normally Ifixed work-retarding aelement of 4substantially inverted `L-sliape n a 'I support for the-work-retarding element; means securing the horizontal fleg of v`the work-retarding felement to said-supportpthe downwardly-'directed'leg of the l work-retarding element 'being disposed Vclosely adiacent -tothe wheel-said -retarding element having artwork-engaging edgefadiacent to the Work-supporting surface ofthe anvil, said Work- -engaging edge of -t'lfley retarding-:element ybeing so designed vand arrangedlthatits'rst point' of contact A`With Y the advancing #work vis rspaced in the direction of iWork -advance -from thepoint or nearest approach of the vvi'leell to the anvil, and vresilient lmeans operative V'to urge the 'work-retarding `element against `the material.

i5. Apparatus lofthe/class described `comprising a rigid anvil for supporting the material to be `'operated on, a driven, peripherally toothed Wheel having its toothed edge arranged closely adjacent to the work-supporting-surfaee of the anvil, -a normally fixed work-retarding r`element closely adjacent to the fwheel, said; retarding element-1 having aitoothed work-engaging edge adjacent to the Work-supporting surface oi the anvil, said Work'-engaging edge ort-"ne retarding elementbeng sodeslg'ned and arranged fthat its first 4pointv of "contact with' the advancing Work is A:spaced in the direction offwork advance from the point otnearest'approacnof the Wheel `to the anvil, Aresilient meansurging the retarding element toward the anvil, and stop means for limiting `approach' ofI thev retarding elementlto- Ward ,the anvil.

:16. VApparatus ofithe :classL described 4comprising `-a krigid-'anvil fior supporting v'the Ymaterial to befoperated on, ra driven, work advancing Wheel havingits edge arranged closely adjacenttothe work-supporting surface" of rthe'anvil, a :normally xedwork-retarding element closely vad-jacentto the wheel, .said retarding element having a tootl'iedl work-engaging edge adjacent to .the work-supportingfsurf acely of the anvil, said lworkengaging edge of the retarding element being so designed and `arranged that its rst point of contact .with fthe advancing'fwork is :spaced in thedirection of'the workadvance from the point oifnearest approach of therzwheel to the anvil, adjustable resilient means urging the retarding element: towardthe anvil, stop means to limit movement. of the retarding V:meanstovvard the anvil; .and means operativexto ,adjust` the anvil towardtand from the edge or 'the wheel.

17. Apparatus of lthe :class `described comprising a work-'supporting table, `-an `anvil 'having Va work-'contacting face which Aisfsubstantially flush withtheupperrsurfacefofthe table and a surface for guidingthe work, aa `peripl'lerally toothed work-advancing' .wheel turning in a plane substantially parallel to said guide surface and having one lface closely'adjacent to said guide `surface, a normallystationary Work-retarding zelement adjacentftofthe 'opposite-.iacelof the Wheel and l.having awork-engaging edge, `:the periphery of :the fwheelf and the `Work-engaging .edge-of the retarding element vvbeing 'closely adj acent-fto :the lvvorlr-supporting fface-of theanvil vat the working point, and a .guard Ipartially encircling the wheel iat that lside from `which the work bapproaches 'the Wheel.

x1-8. Apparatus `of xthev class described comprising an anvil Yhaving a substantially `horizontal work-contacting `face4 and a substantially vertical surface V-forl vguiding V.the work, a 'peripherally ytoothed work-'advancing 'wheel :having: one 1 face -closely adjacent to said guide surface, a nor.-

mally stationary Work-retarding element ada-- lcent to ythe fopposite face of the AWheel .and hav- "ing a Work-engaging-edge,A ithe Aperiphery o the Wheel :and the 'work-'engaging 4edge of ther retarding Velement#being closely adacent tothe @vork-supportingPiacer of ithe anvil Vat the .Working point, means for adjusting the anvil and retarding -`elementsimultaneously :with reference tothe-axisofthe^Wl1eel,:an'd means for adjust- 'Yingl the `retarding,elementrelatively to the anvil.

:19J Amachine oftheclassff-described compris- :ing va fliousing `having spaced front and rear walls, abottom wall, andA meansfwithinthe 'housing dividing its interior aintoront and Lrear chambers, apower delivery shaft 'within the.. rear chamber., a driven lshaft within 1 the rear 'chamber,= saidflatter shaft Ybeing supported for bodily movement in .a directionfftransverse of `its-axis, a 'fbelt for conveying: power fromA the drive shaft .to the driven shaft, a pulley onlthe driven'shaft, a Wormlshaft'carrying a worm and;pul1ey,.a belt embracingthe twozpulleys,;means for moving the 'drivenshait .bodily'to tension said belt, `a worm .Wheel drivenby .the fworm shaft,rthe Worm wheel having a 'shafts .and a yvork-advancing wheel -nxed 4to Ithe shaft ofthezworm Wheel.

1 20. VApparatus for .use inshrinking the margin orlsheetr material, Ysaid :apparatus comprising a positively driven toothed Wheel so arrangedthat fits teeth-bite -into'fthe materialV and apply .a positive. advancing forceto: the material close to .the edgelofthe lattenand anormally fixed retardingelement, a support for the retarding-element, said support 'being inormally stationary, means nxedlygsecuringzthe retarding element to said supportf'said retarding elementbeing constructed and arranged to engage the material at a'point spaced forwardly, in the .direction of work .advance, from the point at whichzthe toothedwheel .applies the maximum advancing force, a normally "fixed anvil `for :supporting :the material yas it is advanced bythe WheeLxand means for heating the material While -it is'in contact withthe I.tootlzied Wheel.

JACOB S. KAMBORIAN.

vREFERENCES CITED VName Date Kamborian n June -19, v1945 *Number 

